نشریه تحقیقات بنیادین علوم انسانی
سال دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 4، پاییز 1395)

Islamic sociology is based on Islamic social thought and have power root in social studies. This research tried to design overall pattern of Islamic sociology based on Islamic approach to anthropology, theology, epistemology and the nature of society and its theoretical process is being understood based on contextualization, Conceptualization and methodology. Innovation of this research are: first of all, the model is being design according to objections in this era, second, it is logical aggregation of  important and prevailing approach, third, organic link between science and religion, foundations and process of theorizing, is being clearly drawn.

In the current era, knowledge has been considered the first strategic resource for people and organizations and some organizations will be successful which create new knowledge and spread it widely across the organization and quickly this new knowledge into technologies and new products. Scientific and business communities both believe that the organizations can maintain their competitive advantages in the long-term areas by leveraging knowledge. In order to achieve organizational success in the field of knowledge and achieving the power of knowledge, the recognition of f the theoretical principles of knowledge management seems as a necessary issue. Knowledge management philosophy has been known as a discipline in Islamic and the Western views known and could be considered an economical source of strength and prosperity. Focusing on the knowledge management philosophy and comparing the traditional and modern knowledge and its attitude lead to discover the new ways through it knowledge is known and the management is applied. Due to Western view, the ultimate source of knowledge is human while in Islam view, God is the ultimate source of knowledge. Islam has the most complete features and no school, as Islam, has valued knowledge by wisdom and recognition and no religion, as Islam, has warned human beings by the danger of ignorance. The purpose of this article is to explain the theoretical foundations of knowledge management in West and to reread and compare it based on the religious epistemology and theoretical foundations of Islam. After understanding the knowledge management deeply and the essential difference between the Western and Islamic views, the status will be prepared to replace the religious theoretical foundations with the existing foundations.

The present research aims at constructing a instrument to quantify Savouring Style ased on a conceptual model in Islamic sources. This conceptual model demonstrate the savouring on a continuum of hedonia to eudaimonia. The descriptive - analytic method in religious statements was used to extract the components of hedinic and eudaimonic savouring conceptual model in Islamic sources, and survey method to evaluate the characteristics of the scale. In order to preparation savouring style scale, appropriate items was designed According to theoretical components. To determine the validity, Psychology experts who were specialist in Islamic teachings evaluated items. The scale was conducted in a sample of 360 participants, including seminary students and primary school teachers of the city of Qom. The results showed the reliability of savouring style scale based on Islamic sources is 92/0. High agreement between the viewpoints of the majority of experts (83/33%) about the content of items showed content validity of the questionnaire. Factor analysis showed the validity and appropriate factor structure. As a result, the exploratory factor analysis extracted five factors according to the characteristics of efficient savouring style based on Islamic sources. This study shows according to Islamic references, savouring style made to quantify, and psychometric properties of its scale is acceptable. The scale has been formed of five factors (spititual seeking, control, purpose, provident and temperance).

The question of this study comes from scrutiny on the effects of reducing anthropological, ontological and epistemological foundations in the Western’s organization theory and management theory. Accordingly, by tracking this reduction of foundations, it is shown that the “competition” is the main incentive and pivotal Etebar in the field of organization and in the tripartite modern, symbolic and postmodern perspective. Then, by “ontological subjectology” approach and using a variety of research methods appropriate with one of the aspects of Etebariat area and using thematic analysis technique, “Qerabat” is identified and then is introduced as the pivotal Etebar in the Islamic management. The results show that in the Islamic thought, the perfection is nearness to God Almighty, the nearness in the core depends on subordination of the Imamate and in the appearance depends on sketching social interaction on the characteristics of the family relationship. With the discovery of “Qerabat” as the pivotal Etebar, “unconditional bounty” is derived as one of the leading examples of the pivotal role of “Qerabat” in the building aspect of Etebariat methodology. Its affects on the organization plan is investigated by the three components of complexity, focus and formality in the change aspect of Etebariat methodology.

Security of the political system has always been one of the most important prerequisites for other aspects of security (personal security, public security, economic security, military security, social security, etc.) and so, is considered as one of the oldest and the most detailed issues of study of security. Regarding to this importance, this paper seeking the recognition of security of political system in the light of Islamic jurisprudence (the first laws and second laws) and for this, has studied various Islamic laws about securing the political system in different conditions. According to the findings of the study, protection of political systems in Islamic jurisprudence has three attitudes: the necessity of protection of political system in the first laws, the necessity of protection of political system in the second laws, and forbiddance of protection of political system. Of the total sum of these three categories and according to the concept of "referent object of security", we can recognize the place of security of political system in among of other aspects of security and Thus, produce the central core (= referent object) of the security thought of Shiite Jurisprudence that is the protection of discipline and unity of society and its collective identity so that even to Becoming it, securing of Illegitimate government is allowed according to secondary laws.

The current research has been conducted in order to carry out comparative analysis of effective managerial factors on organizational silence from perspective of management science and Islamic viewpoint by means of text analysis method. The statistical population of this study included Holy Quran and narratives from Pure Imams (PBUT) and experts of religious and educational sciences. The statistical sample was selected by means of purposive sampling technique along with that class of Quranic verses and narratives which were related to them and the group of experts comprised of 11 specialists in religious and educational sciences. The standardized questionnaire was employed to receive confirmation of the extracted categories proportional to research goals. Based on findings of the present study, the difference of concept of organizational silence in Islamic outlook from management science includes employees’ refusal to express their own comments, ideas, and concerns in rightful position and with observance of divine terms regarding organizational problems and issues at various administrative levels and other personnel who can remove such problems. The effective administrative factors on organizational silence were conceptualized according to Islamic teachings in three general concepts i.e. inefficient relations, barriers against good relations, lack of insight and expert knowledge and skills, each of these concepts comprised of several categories and subcategories. Whereas some of variables of organizational silence in management science relating to the extracted factors from Islamic teachings originate from natural or temperamental dimensions of human and are concerned with human development thus similar aspects were observed between effective administrative factors on organizational silence in management science and Islamic approach. One can refer to some of them including variables of fear from negative feedback in directors and tendency to reject or give negative answers to the opposite comments, ignorance of directors toward informal requests of personnel, implicit beliefs of managers, behaviors that remove trust, poor health of superior management, and discriminative behavior. Similarly, due to presence of differences in terms of ideology, teleology, philosophy, anthropology, and goals in fundamentals of management science and Islamic teachings, some differences were derived from some of these variables out of which one can refer to right-centrism in Islam and pluralism in management sciences as the foremost factors. Each of the extracted concepts, categories, and subcategories from this study may be widely used in the field of organizational behavior thereby one can improve the relations among personnel of organization with each other.

The present study aims to investigate and extract the methods to nurture the adaptability component of the bar-on emotional intelligence model. The data was collected via the library method using content analysis. The three sub components of adaptability, namely flexibility, problem solving and reality test, were investigated in Imam Alichr('39')s tradition. Flexibility in Imam Alichr('39')s tradition does not include beliefs and principles meaning that gentleness and tolerance when confronting sins and oppression and violation of otherschr('39') rights and violation of Islamic principles are considered to be despicable and are known as adulation and in such cases severe action is to be exercised. The methods for nurturing this component in Imam Alichr('39')s tradition are acquiring gentleness, tolerance and knowledge, awareness, and accepting the differences between individuals. The methods for nurturing the sub component of problem solving in Imam Alichr('39')s tradition include thinking about the problem, reliance in God, and consulting those who are eligible. The sub component of reality test is about recognizing realities. However, Imam Alichr('39')s tradition has put forward the ways for reaching truth and reality. These ways include: the necessity for constant effort for the purpose of finding the truth, the necessity for endurance against problems and hardships on the way to the truth, learning the lesson from past events and dooms day punishments and piety, the necessity to avoid daydreaming and having a clear argument and proof of God, the necessity to follow Godchr('39')s saints and the prophetchr('39')s inmates and not following onechr('39')s passions and ignorance, the necessity for abstinence of worldly pleasures and veils of illusion and self-deception and self-negligence.